ACI 440.1R-15

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Guide for the Design and
Construction of Structural
Concrete Reinforced with
Fiber-Reinforced Polymer
(FRP) Bars
Reported by ACI Committee 440
ACI 440.1R-15
First Printing
March 2015
ISBN: 978-1-942727-10-1
Guide for the Design and Construction of Structural Concrete Reinforced with
Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Bars
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ACI 440.1R-15
Guide for the Design and Construction of
Structural Concrete Reinforced with Fiber-Reinforced
Polymer (FRP) Bars
Reported by ACI Committee 440
Carol K. Shield, Chair
William J. Gold, Secretary
Tarek Alkhrdaji
Charles E. Bakis
Lawrence C. Bank
Abdeldjelil Belarbi
Brahim Benmokrane
Luke A. Bisby
Gregg J. Blaszak
Hakim Bouadi
Timothy E. Bradberry
Gordon L. Brown Jr.
Vicki L. Brown
John P. Busel
Raafat El-Hacha
Garth J. Fallis
Amir Z. Fam
Nabil F. Grace
Mark F. Green
Zareh B. Gregorian
Doug. D. Gremel
Shawn P. Gross*
H. R. Trey Hamilton III
Issam E. Harik
Kent A. Harries
Mark P. Henderson
Bohdan N. Horeczko
Michael W. Lee
Maria Lopez de Murphy
Ibrahim M. Mahfouz
Amir Mirmiran
John J. Myers
Antonio Nanni
Ayman M. Okeil
Carlos E. Ospina
Renato Paretti
Max L. Porter
Andrea Prota
Hayder A. Rasheed
Sami H. Rizkalla
Rajan Sen
Rudolf Seracino
Pedro F. Silva
Khaled A. Soudki
Samuel A. Steere III
Jay Thomas
Houssam A. Toutanji
J. Gustavo Tumialan
Milan Vatovec
David White
Sarah E. Witt
Consulting Members
P. N. Balaguru
Craig A. Ballinger
Harald G. F. Budelmann
C. J. Burgoyne
Elliot P. Douglas
Rami M. Elhassan
David M. Gale
Russell Gentry
Arie Gerritse
Srinivasa L. Iyer
Koichi Kishitani
Howard S. Kliger
Kyuichi Maruyama
Antoine E. Naaman
Hajime Okamura
Mark A. Postma
Ferdinand S. Rostasy
Surendra P. Shah
Mohsen Shahawy
Yasuhisa Sonobe
Minoru Sugita
Luc R. Taerwe
Ralejs Tepfers
Taketo Uomoto
Paul Zia
*Subcommittee Chair.
Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) materials have emerged as an
alternative for producing reinforcing bars for concrete structures.
Fiber-reinforced polymer reinforcing bars offer advantages over
steel reinforcement because they are noncorrosive. Some FRP
bars are nonconductive as well. Due to other differences in the
physical and mechanical behavior of FRP materials versus steel,
unique guidance on the engineering and construction of concrete
structures reinforced with FRP bars is necessary. Other countries
and regions, such as Japan, Canada, and Europe have established
design and construction guidelines specically for the use of FRP
bars as concrete reinforcement. This guide offers general informa-
tion on the history and use of FRP reinforcement, a description
of the unique material properties of FRP, and guidelines for the
design and construction of structural concrete members reinforced
with FRP bars. This guide is based on the knowledge gained from
worldwide experimental research, analytical work, and eld appli-
cations of FRP reinforcement.
Keywords: anchorage (structural); aramid ber; carbon ber; crack control;
concrete construction; concrete slabs; cover; creep rupture; deections;
design examples; durability; ber-reinforced polymer; exural strength;
glass ber; moments; reinforced concrete; reinforcement; serviceability;
shear strength; spans; strength analysis; stresses; structural concrete; struc-
tural design.
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1—INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE, p. 2
1.1—Introduction, p. 2
1.2—Scope, p. 3
1
CHAPTER 2—NOTATION AND DEFINITIONS, p. 3
2.1—Notation, p. 3
2.2—Denitions, p. 5
CHAPTER 3—BACKGROUND, p. 6
3.1—Historical development, p. 6
3.2—History of use, p. 6
3.3—Material characteristics, p. 8
CHAPTER 4—MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS, p. 9
4.1—Physical properties, p. 9
4.2—Mechanical properties and behavior, p. 10
4.3—Time-dependent behavior, p. 11
4.4—Effects of high temperatures and re, p. 13
CHAPTER 5—DURABILITY, p. 14
5.1—Accelerated durability testing, p. 14
5.2—Durability of FRP bars, p. 14
5.3—Durability of bond between FRP and concrete, p. 15
CHAPTER 6—GENERAL DESIGN
CONSIDERATIONS, p. 16
6.1—Design philosophy, p. 16
6.2—Design material properties, p. 16
CHAPTER 7—FLEXURE, p. 16
7.1—General considerations, p. 16
7.2—Flexural strength, p. 17
7.3—Serviceability, p. 20
7.4—Creep rupture and fatigue, p. 24
CHAPTER 8—SHEAR, p. 24
8.1—General considerations, p. 24
8.2—Shear strength of FRP-reinforced members, p. 24
8.3—Detailing of shear stirrups, p. 26
8.4—Shear strength of FRP-reinforced two-way concrete
slabs, p. 26
CHAPTER 9—SHRINKAGE AND TEMPERATURE
REINFORCEMENT, p. 27
9.1—Minimum FRP reinforcement ratio, p. 27
CHAPTER 10—DEVELOPMENT AND SPLICES OF
REINFORCEMENT, p. 27
10.1—Development of stress in straight bar, p. 27
10.2—Development length of bent bar, p. 29
10.3—Development of positive moment reinforcement, p.
30
10.4—Tension lap splice, p. 30
CHAPTER 11—DESIGN EXAMPLES, p. 31
Example 1—Flexural (moment) strength using equiva-
lent rectangular concrete stress distribution (compression-
controlled section), p. 31
Example 2—Flexural (moment) strength using equivalent
rectangular concrete stress distribution (tension-controlled
section), p. 32
Example 3—Design of a rectangular beam with tension
reinforcement only, p. 34
Example 4—Design of one-way solid slab, p. 36
Example 5—Distribution of reinforcement for effective
crack control, p. 39
Example 6—Deection of a simple-span nonprestressed
rectangular beam, p. 42
Example 7—Creep rupture stress check under sustained
loads, p. 45
Example 8—Design for shear (members subject to shear
and exure only), p. 46
Example 9—Development of bars in tension (compres-
sion-controlled or transition zone section), p. 49
Example 10—Development of bars in tension (tension-
controlled section), p. 50
Example 11—Shear strength of slab at column support,
p. 51
Example 1M—Flexural (moment) strength using equiva-
lent rectangular concrete stress distribution (compression-
controlled section), p. 52
Example 2M—Flexural (moment) strength using equiv-
alent rectangular concrete stress distribution (tension-
controlled section), p. 54
Example 3M—Design of a rectangular beam with tension
reinforcement only, p. 56
Example 4M—Design of one-way solid slab, p. 58
Example 5M—Distribution of reinforcement for effective
crack control, p. 61
Example 6M—Deection of a simple-span nonprestressed
rectangular beam, p. 63
Example 7M—Creep rupture stress check under sustained
loads, p. 66
Example 8M—Design for shear (members subject to
shear and exure only), p. 68
Example 9M—Development of bars in tension (compres-
sion-controlled or transition zone section), p. 70
Example 10M—Development of bars in tension (tension-
controlled section), p. 71
Example 11M—Shear strength of slab at column support,
p. 73
CHAPTER 12—REFERENCES, p. 74
Authored documents, p. 74
APPENDIX A—SLABS-ON-GROUND, p. 83
A.1—Design of plain concrete slabs, p. 83
A.2—Design of slabs with shrinkage and temperature
reinforcement, p. 83
CHAPTER 1—INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE
1.1—Introduction
Conventional concrete structures are reinforced with
nonprestressed and prestressed steel. The steel is initially
protected against corrosion by the alkalinity of the concrete,
usually resulting in durable and serviceable construction.
For many structures subjected to aggressive environments,
such as marine structures, bridges, and parking garages
American Concrete Institute – Copyrighted © Material – www.concrete.org
2 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF STRUCTURAL CONCRETE REINFORCED WITH FRP BARS (ACI 440.1R-15)

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作者:老杨树 分类:国外协会 价格:15星币 属性:88 页 大小:4.62MB 格式:PDF 时间:2025-01-07

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